SurfMin: leachate
OSM
Library Number: 570 Date to NTIS: 06/13/90
NTIS
Accession No: PB90-233149/AS NTIS List Price: 39.00
CFR
Citation: 30 CFR 816.83
Title
of Report:
CHARACTERIZATION
OF LEACHATE FROM ABANDONED COAL REFUSE (1987). 3124 pp.
Performing
Organization Name and Address:
Western Research Institute, Laramie, WY
82071
Type of
Report: Final Report
Abstract:
Report
derived from considering complete universe of what may be predicted to be
present
in coal and/or coal refuse, applying fundamental theories of leaching
and
chemical equilibrium, and considered the 2 parameters believed to affect
nature
of coal leachates (pH & reduction) oxidation potential. Approach gives
an
accurate representation of inorganic materials to be found in abandoned coal
refuse
leachate. Discussions on nature of
organic material address predicted
impact of
volatility, water solubility, biogradation & adsorption on the likely
presence
of materials in leachate.
Keywords:
LEACHATE
ABANDONED
COAL REFUSE
HAZARD
TO AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
Author(s):
Essington,
M.E.
Hill,
S.L.
Jackson,
L.P.
Koesters,
D.B.
Mason,
G.M.
Spackman,
L.K.
Sullivan,
P.J.
NTIS
Accession No:
NTIS List Price:
Title
of Report:
THE
INFLUENCE OF FLY ASH ADDITIONS ON ACID MINE DRAINAGE PRODUCTION FROM COARSE
COAL
REFUSE (March 1996) 205pp.
Performing
Organization Name and Address:
Virginia
Polytechnic Institute and State University
Type of
Report: Doctor of Philosophy
Dissertation
Abstract:
The
exclusion of coal fly ash from regulation as a hazardous waste has led to
increased
interest in returning ash to the coalfields for disposal.
Bulk-blending
alkaline fly ash with acid forming coal refuse may present a
disposal
option that aids in the control of acid mine drainage. A preliminary
column
leaching study examined the leachate quality from acid-forming coal
refuse:
fly ash blends. Coal refuse (2.2%
total-S), and two refuse:fly ash
blends
(20% and 33% ash w/w) were packed into leaching columns and leached under
unsaturated
conditions for over four years. The
coal refuse columns acidified
quickly,
producing peak leachate levels of acidity (pH 1.7), Fe (10,000 mg 1-1),
SO4-2
(30,000 mg1-1), and Mn (300 mg 1-1).
Both ash blended treatments provided
alkaline
leachate with low metal levels. A
second column study used a refuse
with
higher potential acidity (4% total-S), and two alkaline ash sources; one
blended
at two rates (20% and 33%) and one at four rates (5%, 10%, 20%, and
33%). Bulk-blended ground agricultural limestone,
rock phosphate ore, and
topsoil
treatments were also studied. The
unamended refuse treatment acidified
rapidly
and produced acidic (pH 1.7) leachates with high peak dissolved metal
levels
(>15,000 mg 1-1 Fe; 200 mg 1-1 Mn).
Treatments blended with 33% ash
produced
alkaline (pH >8.4) leachates with low metal levels (Al<1.0 mg 1-1;
Cu-0.10
mg 1-1; Fe<2.0 mg 1-1; Mn<3.0 mg 1-1).
Treatments containing less ash
eventually
acidified and ash bound metals (Mn and Cu) were stripped from the ash
and
eluted in quantities proportionate to the amount of ash in the blend. A
field
experiment with water sampling lysimeters examined bulk-blended refuse
(0.8%
S) with two acidic and one alkaline ash.
The ash treatments did not
produce
consistent negative impacts on leachate water quality, and produced
positive
effects on plant biomass production compared to unamended controls.
Overall,
the inhibition of pyrite oxidation by high ash blends was attributed to
alkalinity
effects, chemisorption, decreased hydraulic conductivity, and
decreased
oxygen diffusion to pyritic surfaces.
Ash alkalinity and refuse
potential
acidity must be balanced for environmental safety in this co-disposal
environment.
Keywords:
Coal
refuse, leachates, water quality, and plant growth
Author(s)
Barry Robert Stewart